Month: July 2025

GIANTS – Stars that have expanded after exhausting the hydrogen in their cores, classified as luminosity class III.

SUPERGIANTS – Stars that are much larger and more luminous than main sequence stars, classified as luminosity class I.

MAIN SEQUENCE – The band on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram where most stars, including the Sun, are found during their stable phase of hydrogen fusion.

LUMINOSITY CLASS – A classification system that ranks stars according to their luminosity, ranging from supergiants (I) to white dwarfs (V).

M-TYPE STARS – The coolest stars, with surface temperatures below 3,500 K, often appearing red.

K-TYPE STARS – Cooler stars with temperatures between 3,500–5,000 K, often orange in appearance.

G-TYPE STARS – Stars with temperatures around 5,000–6,000 K, including the Sun.

F-TYPE STARS – Slightly cooler stars with temperatures between 6,000–7,500 K, appearing yellow-white.

A-TYPE STARS – Stars with surface temperatures between 7,500–10,000 K, often white or bluish in color.

B-TYPE STARS – Stars that are slightly cooler than O-type stars, with temperatures between 10,000–30,000 K.